DISCUSSION AND RESULTS. DESCRIPTION OF PLANT COMMUNITIES

In the typological summary and descriptions of plant communities, we present the discussion and the syntaxonomical results on North American Boreal and Western Temperate climactical and natural potential coniferous forests, their respective deciduous secondary forests and woodlands, and related riparian forests. Basically we publish only our personal selected relevés, ecological information and bioclimatic data.

Typological summary

V. Linnaeo americanae-Piceetea marianae

Va. Gaultherio-Piceetalia

1. Pinion banksianae

• 1a. Pinetum banksianae
• 1b. Carici pensylvanicae-Pinetum banksianae
• 1c. Oryzopsio asperifoliae-Pinetum banksianae
• 1d. Pinetum banksiano-resinosae

2. Gaultherio procumbentis-Piceion glaucae

• 2a. Abietetum balsameae
• 2b. Kalmio angustifoliae-Piceetum marianae
• 2c. Sphagno-Piceetum marianae
• 2d. Mertensio paniculatae-Abietetum balsameae

3. Piceion rubentis

3a. Abieti balsameae-Piceetum rubentis

4. Ledo decumbentis-Piceion marianae

• 4a. Rubo chamaemori-Piceetum marianae
• 4b. Piceetum glauco-marianae
• 4c. Hypno procerrimi-Piceetum glaucae
• 4d. Pulsatillo multifidae-Pinetum latifoliae

Vb. Tsugetalia mertensiano-heterophyllae

5. Tsugion heterophyllae

• 5a. Vaccinio ovati-Piceetum sitchensis
• 5b. Abieti amabilis-Piceetum sitchensis
• 5c. Rubo stellati-Piceetum sitchensis
• 5d. Tsugo heterophyllae-Sequoietum sempervirentis
• 5e. Gaultherio shallonis-Pseudotsugetum menziesii
• 5f. Abieti grandis-Pseudotsugetum menziesii
• 5g. Abieti amabilis-Tsugetum heterophyllae
• 5h. Piceo engelmannii-Tsugetum heterophyllae

6. Tsugion mertensianae

• 6a. Abieti amabilis-Tsugetum mertensianae
• 6b. Abieti lasiocarpae-Tsugetum mertensianae
• 6c. Tsugo mertensianae-Abietetum procerae
• 6d. Tsugo mertensianae-Piceetum sitchensis
• 6e. Abieti lasiocarpae-Pinetum albicaulis
• 6f. Phyllodoco glanduliflorae-Laricetum lyallii
• 6g. Ribesio acerifolii-Chamaecyparetum nootkatensis

7. Pinion contortae

• 7a. Lonicero ledebourii-Pinetum contortae
• 7b. Junipero depressae-Pinetum contortae

Vc. Alno rubrae-Populetalia trichocarpae

8. Alno rubrae-Populion trichocarpae

• 8a. Aceri macrophylli-Alnetum rubrae
• 8b. Oplopanaco horridi-Alnetum rubrae
• 8c. Alno sinuatae-Populetum trichocarpae
• 8d. Alno tenuifoliae-Populetum trichocarpae
• 8e. Vaccinio membranacei-Alnetum sinuatae
• 8f. Salici longistylis-Alnetum sinuatae

Vd. Pseudotsugo glaucae-Abietetalia bifoliae

9. Piceo engelmannii-Abietion bifoliae

• 9a. Vaccinio scoparii-Abietetum bifoliae
• 9b. Arctostaphylo patulae-Pinetum flexilis
• 9c. Menziesio ferrugineae-Abietetum bifoliae
• 9d. Empetro hermaphroditi-Abietetum bifoliae
• 9e. Piceetum engelmannio-albertianae
• 9f. Piceetum pungentis
• 9g. Penstemono whippleani-Pinetum aristatae
• 9h. Vaccinio scoparii-Pinetum latifoliae
• 9i. Vaccinio scoparii-Pinetum albicaulis

10. Pino scopulorum-Pseudotsugion glaucae

• 10a. Larici occidentalis-Pseudotsugetum glaucae
• 10b. Shepherdio canadensis-Pseudotsugetum glaucae
• 10c. Rhoo trilobatae-Pinetum scopulorum
• 10d. Pseudotsugo glaucae-Pinetum flexilis

Ve. Betulo papyriferae-Populetalia tremuloidis

11. Betulo neoalaskanae-Populion tremuloidis

• 11a. Roso sayi-Populetum tremuloidis
• 11b. Piceo glaucae-Betuletum neoalaskanae
• 11c. Piceo glaucae-Betuletum kenaicae
• 11d. Spiraeo lucidae-Populetum balsamiferae
• 11e. Symphoricarpo utahensis-Populetum tremuloidis

12. Betulo cordifoliae-Populion tremuloidis

• 12a. Sorbo americanae-Betuletum cordifoliae
• 12b. Populetum tremuloidis
• 12c. Aralio hispidae-Populetum tremuloidis

13. Alnion rugosae

• 13a. Alnetum rugosae
• 13b. Carici-Alnetum rugosae

Vf. Populetalia angustifolio-deltoidis

14. Populion angustifolio-moniliferae

• 14a. Populetum angustifolio-moniliferae
• 14b. Betulo occidentalis-Populetum angustifoliae
• 14B. Platano occidentalis-Populion deltoidis

Vg. Populetalia fremontii

15. Populion fremontii

• 15a. Platano racemosae-Populetum fremontii
• 15B. Populion mesetae

Vh. Ledo decumbentis-Betuletalia glandulosae

16. Salici pulchrae-Betulion glandulosae

• 16a. Salici barclayi-Betuletum glandulosae
• 16b. Vaccinio microphylli-Betuletum glandulosae
• 16c. Salici pulchrae-Betuletum exilis